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Before you
marry, know each other's assets and debts
The wedding
season will soon be upon us. A time for love, music,
flowers -- and full financial disclosure.
"You would never
merge two companies together without an audit, right?"
asks Ann B. Diamond, a New York financial adviser and
author of the book "Fear of Finance" (HarperCollins).
With a new
marriage, she says, "Here we are trying to merge two
people together."
But in many
cases, lovestruck couples approach the altar without
full knowledge of each other's assets, debts and -- most
important of all -- style of cash management. A candid
discussion of money and financial goals should be on
every prospective newlywed's to-do list.
"This is really
serious stuff, right along with, `Are we going to have
kids?'" says Ann Hoeppner, a certified financial planner
with Blankinship & Foster in San Diego.
The early months
of a marriage are an excellent time to make long-range
plans, and also to capture the savings that usually
result from combining two incomes and two households,
says certified financial planner Kathryn A. Taylor.
"If you wait a
year or two to plan," says Taylor, "you get used to
living on that income."
Diamond suggests
that newlyweds ask themselves: "Will we spend the money
eating out because neither of us wants to cook? Or do we
want to save $50 per week for a house down payment?"
Unfortunately,
the wedding often starts a couple off on the wrong foot
financially. They and their families can go deeply into
debt trying to pay for a big ceremony.
Irene Freeman,
president of Consumer Credit Counselors of San Diego and
Imperial counties, says it is not only brides but also
grooms who often feel driven by the notion that their
wedding day is "my day in the sun" and must be lavish in
every way.
She notes that
in many popular movies the happy ending is a wedding.
"If you think of
marriage as the beginning" instead of the ending, she
says, "you're much better off."
Although many
couples take a traditional approach to weddings, the
old-fashioned husband-in-charge approach to money
management is passé. Because divorce and widowhood are
ever-present realities, women are more aware than ever
that they need to be financially well-informed.
"A lot of young
women watched their mothers go through some pretty
harrowing experiences," Diamond says. "They want a
partnership. They realize it's important not to delegate
the finances to someone else."
Because newlywed
couples today are slightly older than in previous
generations, financially speaking, they might not start
out with the proverbial "clean slate," says Taylor. One
partner might have accrued high debts, while the other
might already own a house or other assets.
She has known
several couples who decided to keep separate all those
assets each partner had acquired before marriage; the
assets would not become community property. This
arrangement sometimes requires a prenuptial agreement.
The experts
offer the following advice to couples contemplating the
altar:
*Learn how
comfortable each partner is with the other's income,
Freeman advises. If the woman earns more than the man,
will that create discomfort for one or both? If one
partner plans to relocate for educational or employment
purposes, is the other prepared?
*Discuss your
individual styles of saving and buying. The goal here
isn't to agree on everything, but to keep the lines of
communication open.
Diamond
estimates that 90 percent of all couples fight over
finances: "People's priorities are different. Their
money styles are different."
Freeman adds:
"You don't want to have one person always giving up or
giving in. That's the partner who generally snaps. You
don't want any repressed behavior later, like loading up
on credit cards."
*Discuss money
matters frequently. Even if one person pays the bills
and handles most of the finances, both should talk about
the state of the family finances at least once a month.
*When talking
about these issues, communicate in a nonaccusatory way,
says San Diego certified financial planner Jean
Sinclair. Speak in terms of "I," not "you." Say, "I feel
uncomfortable when we have no money in our checking
account" rather than "You spend too much."
*Adjust
withholding tax. If you both work, you are likely to pay
higher taxes because of the marriage "penalty." In some
cases, this can amount to thousands of dollars.
*Coordinate
employee benefits. Some couples can save by eliminating
duplicate coverage. It might be more economical for one
spouse with a cafeteria benefits plan to drop health
insurance in favor of disability insurance and become a
dependent on the spouse's medical plan.
But be sure to
consider the cost of adding a dependent. Seek help from
company benefits departments in weighing the options.
*Consider
setting up three bank accounts: yours, mine and ours. It
has become increasingly popular for newly hitched
husbands and wives to set up a joint household account
while maintaining individual discretionary accounts.
Financial
advisers say separate personal spending accounts can
sharply reduce bickering over money.
"Most people
need money they don't have to discuss with anyone," says
Hoeppner.
As the marriage
flourishes, the household account often gets larger and
the separate accounts shrink.
*Discuss goals
and dreams. While it can be good to have separate
checking accounts, it's important to pool resources.
"For larger
goals, like buying a house or saving for retirement, you
need to have the same vision," says Sinclair.
*Consider
tracking your finances on a computer software program.
Diamond is helping promote the country's top-selling
program, Quicken (retailing at about $40), as the
ultimate in practical wedding gifts.
The idea might
not be as offbeat as it sounds.
"I think it
would be a great wedding present," says Sinclair, who
has clients that "gave" an hour of her
financial-consultation time to some newlywed friends.
Such
money-tracking programs, says Sinclair, help couples
plan by giving them real numbers rather than guesses on
where their money goes. You might be surprised, for
example, to learn that you spend $5,000 a year on
clothes.
"It's not that
you shouldn't spend the money," she says, "but its best
if it's an informed decision."
Sinclair says
she is scheduled to meet with an older couple who plan
to marry soon. Among the issues to be discussed: He's
hooked on Quicken and she prefers the competing program
Money.
Best wishes and
happy auditing.
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