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Before you marry, know each other's assets and debts
The wedding season
will soon be upon us. A time for love, music, flowers -- and full financial disclosure.
"You would never merge two companies together without
an audit, right?" asks Ann B. Diamond, a New York financial adviser and author of the
book "Fear of Finance" (HarperCollins).
With a new marriage, she says, "Here we are trying to
merge two people together."
But in many cases, lovestruck couples approach the altar
without full knowledge of each other's assets, debts and -- most important of all -- style
of cash management. A candid discussion of money and financial goals should be on every
prospective newlywed's to-do list.
"This is really serious stuff, right along with, `Are
we going to have kids?'" says Ann Hoeppner, a certified financial planner with
Blankinship & Foster in San Diego.
The early months of a marriage are an excellent time to
make long-range plans, and also to capture the savings that usually result from combining
two incomes and two households, says certified financial planner Kathryn A. Taylor.
"If you wait a year or two to plan," says Taylor,
"you get used to living on that income."
Diamond suggests that newlyweds ask themselves: "Will
we spend the money eating out because neither of us wants to cook? Or do we want to save
$50 per week for a house down payment?"
Unfortunately, the wedding often starts a couple off on the
wrong foot financially. They and their families can go deeply into debt trying to pay for
a big ceremony.
Irene Freeman, president of Consumer Credit Counselors of
San Diego and Imperial counties, says it is not only brides but also grooms who often feel
driven by the notion that their wedding day is "my day in the sun" and must be
lavish in every way.
She notes that in many popular movies the happy ending is a
wedding.
"If you think of marriage as the beginning"
instead of the ending, she says, "you're much better off."
Although many couples take a traditional approach to
weddings, the old-fashioned husband-in-charge approach to money management is passé.
Because divorce and widowhood are ever-present realities, women are more aware than ever
that they need to be financially well-informed.
"A lot of young women watched their mothers go through
some pretty harrowing experiences," Diamond says. "They want a partnership. They
realize it's important not to delegate the finances to someone else."
Because newlywed couples today are slightly older than in
previous generations, financially speaking, they might not start out with the proverbial
"clean slate," says Taylor. One partner might have accrued high debts, while the
other might already own a house or other assets.
She has known several couples who decided to keep separate
all those assets each partner had acquired before marriage; the assets would not become
community property. This arrangement sometimes requires a prenuptial agreement.
The experts offer the following advice to couples
contemplating the altar:
*Learn how comfortable each partner is with the other's
income, Freeman advises. If the woman earns more than the man, will that create discomfort
for one or both? If one partner plans to relocate for educational or employment purposes,
is the other prepared?
*Discuss your individual styles of saving and buying. The
goal here isn't to agree on everything, but to keep the lines of communication open.
Diamond estimates that 90 percent of all couples fight over
finances: "People's priorities are different. Their money styles are different."
Freeman adds: "You don't want to have one person
always giving up or giving in. That's the partner who generally snaps. You don't want any
repressed behavior later, like loading up on credit cards."
*Discuss money matters frequently. Even if one person pays
the bills and handles most of the finances, both should talk about the state of the family
finances at least once a month.
*When talking about these issues, communicate in a
nonaccusatory way, says San Diego certified financial planner Jean Sinclair. Speak in
terms of "I," not "you." Say, "I feel uncomfortable when we have
no money in our checking account" rather than "You spend too much."
*Adjust withholding tax. If you both work, you are likely
to pay higher taxes because of the marriage "penalty." In some cases, this can
amount to thousands of dollars.
*Coordinate employee benefits. Some couples can save by
eliminating duplicate coverage. It might be more economical for one spouse with a
cafeteria benefits plan to drop health insurance in favor of disability insurance and
become a dependent on the spouse's medical plan.
But be sure to consider the cost of adding a dependent.
Seek help from company benefits departments in weighing the options.
*Consider setting up three bank accounts: yours, mine and
ours. It has become increasingly popular for newly hitched husbands and wives to set up a
joint household account while maintaining individual discretionary accounts.
Financial advisers say separate personal spending accounts
can sharply reduce bickering over money.
"Most people need money they don't have to discuss
with anyone," says Hoeppner.
As the marriage flourishes, the household account often
gets larger and the separate accounts shrink.
*Discuss goals and dreams. While it can be good to have
separate checking accounts, it's important to pool resources.
"For larger goals, like buying a house or saving for
retirement, you need to have the same vision," says Sinclair.
*Consider tracking your finances on a computer software
program. Diamond is helping promote the country's top-selling program, Quicken (retailing
at about $40), as the ultimate in practical wedding gifts.
The idea might not be as offbeat as it sounds.
"I think it would be a great wedding present,"
says Sinclair, who has clients that "gave" an hour of her financial-consultation
time to some newlywed friends.
Such money-tracking programs, says Sinclair, help couples
plan by giving them real numbers rather than guesses on where their money goes. You might
be surprised, for example, to learn that you spend $5,000 a year on clothes.
"It's not that you shouldn't spend the money,"
she says, "but its best if it's an informed decision."
Sinclair says she is scheduled to meet with an older couple
who plan to marry soon. Among the issues to be discussed: He's hooked on Quicken and she
prefers the competing program Money.
Best wishes and happy auditing.
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